Part 9 of 9
The Papers & Sources
Everything cited, why it mattered, and how it was checked.
Survey methodology. Papers were verified in three ways,
recorded per entry in the build: a direct arXiv Atom API round-trip; fetching
the paper’s own arxiv.org abstract page and reading the title, first
author and submission date off it; or verification by a survey subagent whose
method is recorded in topics/language-modelling/survey/. The API
rate-limited this session heavily, which is why the second route carries much
of the load. No identifier on this page was written from memory
— build_spec.py renders citations from
survey/verified.json and marks anything unconfirmed as unverified
rather than guessing. Access date: 2026-08-04. The maths follows the
notation of the original papers where possible. Errors of interpretation are
this page’s, not theirs.